Available Feeds

Crushed Barley

Product Description
Barley is a good quality filler feed and a high energy feed supplement. This is due to the grains’ endosperm which is primarily a source of starch. Barley is suitable for all classes of livestock, and is most beneficial when used in rations of high performance dairy and beef cattle.Used effectively, Barley can see a marked lift in milk production and/or weight gain.

Product standard specification

Dry matter: 89%	Protein: 11%
Fat: 2%	NDF: 23.1%
Energy(ME): 12 MJ/kg DM

Feeding recommendations
Feeding rates vary significantly depending on farm type and desired outcomes. In New Zealand, feeding rates generally range between 0.5kg-5kg per head per day.

Kibbled Maize

Product Description
Maize has the highest energy source of most of the cereals. It contains more oil than in wheat or barley; however, it is lower in protein compared to wheat.
The seeds of maize are high in starch. The starch is slower to degrade on the rumen compared to wheat and barley due to being partially resistant (30%) to ruminal degradation, therefore crushing the maize makes it easier to get the goodness from the grain. Maize is very low in calcium.

Product standard specification

Dry matter: 89%	Protein: 8%
Fat: 4.3%	NDF: 14.5%
Energy(ME): 13.6 MJ/kg DM

Feeding recommendations
Feeding rates can vary from 0.5 to 4kg per cow per day. If fed in conjunction with palm kernel it can be nearer the high end of this range.

Palm Kernel Expeller

Product Description
Palm kernel is the high density ground meal by-product after palm oil has been extracted from the palm tree kernel. It is cost-competitive as a year-round source of protein and dry matter. Feeding palm kernel to stock doesn’t require specialist heavy machinery. It can be mixed with other products such as maize or grass silage or fed straight from trailers or other portable containers. Because of its dry nature, cows do not tend to gorge themselves on palm kernel, ensuring that every cow in the herd will be fed.

Product standard specification

Dry matter: 90%	Protein: 17%
Fat: 4.3%	NDF: 67%
Ash: 4.5%	Starch: 4%
Sugar: 1.5%	Energy(ME): 13.6 MJ/kg DM

Feeding recommendations
Palm kernel feeding levels range from 2-6kg per cow, with 2-3kg being the optimum in normal conditions.
SUITABLE FOR FEEDING TO LACTATING DAIRY COWS.

Cotton Seed

Product Description
Cotton seed meal is a high protein by-product from the extraction of oil from whole cotton seed. There are two different processing methods used to extract the oil from the cotton seed, and they differ in the amount of oil (fat) they leave in the meal. The amount of oil left in the meal affects its energy value. Cotton seed meal is palatable and is a brown meal that is free flowing with a clean, fresh chaff-like odour. It is an ideal feed for farmers looking to boost protein levels cost effectively in cows’ diets.

Product standard specification

Dry matter: 88%	Protein: 43%
NDF: 23.7%	Energy(ME): 12.0 MJ/kg DM

Feeding recommendations
Requirements will differ depending on the current diet. It is recommended feeding 0.5-2kg per cow per day and is to be used as part of a blended ration to increase protein levels of the feed.
SUITABLE FOR FEEDING TO LACTATING DAIRY COWS.

Tapioca

Product Description
Tapioca is a high quality energy supplement, with a similar starch content to maize or wheat (65-70%), but is low in protein and not as palatable. Therefore, tapioca is a good feed for early lactation when there are high protein levels in pasture. Tapioca is well known for more NFE and starch and less protein, fibre and ash content.
This means it is a great balance with PKE which is typically low in starch. It has a high content of carbohydrates which are highly digestible. The content of minerals is very low. In cattle, tapioca can be used as long as the protein content of the ratio is balanced. For calves around 15% can be fed, dairy cows 20 to 25% and up to 40% for fattening bulls.

Product standard specification

Dry matter: 88%	Protein: 3%
Energy(ME): 12.8 MJ/kg DM	Crude Fibre: 5%
Fat: 0.5%	NDF: 12%
Starch 64%

Feeding recommendations
Requirements will differ depending on current diet. As a guide, Tapioca should be introduced slowly to adult dairy cows at 500g per cow per day, increasing to a maximum of 4kg per cow per day.

SUITABLE FOR FEEDING TO LACTATING DAIRY COWS.

Note
It is not recommended to feed Tapioca ad-lib. Due to high palatability and starch content in Tapioca there is a risk that cows will gorge and over feed. This could lead to acute rumen acidosis. Feed in a controlled manner.

Storage
Store in a dry area. Ensure all precautions are taken to store away from bird and rodent infestation.

Canola Meal

Product Description
Canola seed is grown for its high oil content typically 40-42 percent. The seed is processed whole with about 95 percent of the oil removed. The resulting meal is a valuable source of protein, fibre and fat for the livestock industry. Canola meal is slightly less palatable than other oilseed meals and usually will take a few days
for dairy cattle to adjust to after introduction.

Product standard specification

Dry matter: 89%	Protein: 38%
Fat: 2%	NDF: 27%
Energy(ME): 11.5 MJ/kg DM	Ash: 6.8%

Feeding recommendations
The benefits of canola meal are best when used as a balanced feed ration. Normally feeding rates for dairy cows are 0.5-2 kg per day. In grain mixes inclusion rates range from 10-30%. Canola meal can be fed mixed with silage in the paddock or on the feed pad. It can also be fed via the grain feeding system in the dairy shed,
by itself or mixed with other ingredients. Canola is not suitable for self-feeding like Palm Kernel Meal.

Dried Distillers Grain

Product Description
A coarse dark coloured free flowing granular powder with a pleasant fermented odour. The product is the dried residue remaining after grain starches
have been fermented in the process of producing bio ethanol in combination with yeasts and enzymes.

This highly palatable meal is an excellent source of digestible protein and energy for cattle that is rich in cereal and residual yeast protein, minerals and vitamins. The product is known to be very beneficial to milk production and rumen health in dairy cows.

Product Standard specification

Dry matter: 92%	Protein 25%
Fat: 10.5%	NDF: 44%
Ash: 7%	Energy(ME): 14.1 MJ/kg DM

Feeding recommendations

It is recommended that a maximum of 20 percent of the total ration dry matter be fed. This equates to a maximum of 4-5kg per cow daily, but due to excellent product performance, lower levels of 2-3kg still produce good results when fed for most lactating cows. DDG can be mixed with silage and other feeds in the paddock or on a feed pad. Due to its free flowing nature, it is able to be fed via a grain feeding system in the dairy shed.

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